The International Court of Justice (ICJ) has the potential to play a pivotal role in advancing climate justice for the Global South, which is disproportionately affected by the impacts of climate change. While the ICJ is not a legislative body and cannot create binding international climate agreements, it can influence global climate policy through its advisory opinions and rulings on disputes between states.
Source:- BBC news
The Global South, composed of countries in Africa, Latin America, Asia, and the Pacific, often lacks the financial resources and technological infrastructure to adapt to or mitigate the effects of climate change. At the same time, many of these nations have contributed little to the historical greenhouse gas emissions driving global warming. This disparity has led to calls for climate justice, with advocates demanding that developed nations, which are responsible for the majority of emissions, compensate vulnerable countries for the loss and damage caused by climate-related disasters.
Source:- news 18
The ICJ’s advisory opinions, such as the 2018 ruling on the legal obligations of states under climate treaties like the Paris Agreement, have already clarified the legal responsibilities of countries in addressing climate change. By addressing the issue through binding rulings, the ICJ could potentially hold countries accountable for failing to meet climate targets or violating environmental rights.
However, challenges remain. The ICJ can only rule on cases brought before it, which requires the consent of the parties involved. Additionally, the political dynamics of international relations may limit the court’s ability to deliver effective climate justice. Nonetheless, the ICJ’s legal authority and influence in shaping international law provide a platform for advancing climate justice for the Global South, particularly through its role in interpreting and enforcing international climate obligations.
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